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COVID-19–associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C):A novel disease that mimics toxic shock syndrome—the superantigen hypothes

Magali Noval Rivas,et al, October 7, 2020, J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 2020

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2020.10.008 
 
 
 
Key words: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MISC), Kawasaki disease (KD),
toxic shock syndrome (TSS), SARSCoV-2, COVID-19
 
As of mid-September, the novel severe acute respiratorysyndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 30 million people, resulting in approximately 1 million deaths worldwide, including more than 200,000 deaths in the United States alone.
 
Fever, dry cough, breathing difficulties, and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are typical features of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Although 80% of infected people develop a mild disease, approximately 20% progress to severe COVID-19, which is associated with lung damage and breathing difficulties, and may lead to respiratory failure and death.
 
Exacerbation of the COVID-19 immune response manifested by extensive cytokines release, called cytokine storm, may lead to multisystem inflammatory syndrome, which is fatal in 28% of cases.1 Children can also be infected with SARS-CoV-2 (<2%); however, most confirmed pediatric cases have a less severeoutcome and milder symptoms.
 
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